Approved! The EU INFINITE-CELL project
A large EU-sponsored research project on tandem solar cells in which HZB is participating begins in November 2017. The goal is to combine thin-film semiconductors made of silicon and kesterites into especially cost-effective tandem cells having efficiencies of over 20 per cent. Several large research institutions from Europe, Morocco, the Republic of South Africa, and Belarus will be working on the project, as well as two partners from industry.
“We not only have detailed experience with kesterite thin films, but also a wide spectrum of analytical methods at our disposal to characterise absorber materials very thoroughly”, explains Prof. Susan Schorr. The FUNDACIO INSTITUT DE RECERCA DE L’ENERGIA DE CATALUNYA (IREC), Spain – a long-term collaborating partner of the HZB, is coordinating the entire project. The project begins with a kick-off workshop in Brussels in November 2017.
Ambitious Goals
Goals of the project are quite concrete: the kesterite solar cells should reach an efficiency level of more than 14 per cent (currently they are just below 12%), while thin-film silicon cells made from recycled material should reach an efficiency level of over 16 per cent. Reaching more than 20 % is feasible because silicon uses a different energy region of light to generate electricity than kesterite does. When you combine both materials into one tandem solar cell, where you stack them upon one another or even grow one on the other, it enables a considerably larger proportion of solar energy to be converted into electrical energy. These kinds of especially efficient and also cost-effective solar modules might be employed in cladding, and on roof surfaces – for both buildings and vehicles – to generate power locally.
Why Kesterites?
“Kesterites are a very interesting class of materials”, emphasises Schorr. For even though other absorber materials like copper-indium-gallium-sulphides (CIGS) or metal-organic perovskite semiconductors are able to attain considerably higher efficiency levels today, kesterites trump them with two big advantages: kesterites consist of very abundant elements, and they are non-toxic.
Exchange between partner institutions
The project INFINITECELL, which is a Research and Innovation Staff Exchange (RISE) type funding, has a duration of four years. It is part of the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions Programme funded by the EU within Horizon 2020. This enables scientists over the coming years to travel to partner institutions in order to exchange experience, skills, and insights. The joint research is set out in a detailed Secondment Plan.
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- Green hydrogen: MXenes shows talent as catalyst for oxygen evolutionThe MXene class of materials has many talents. An international team led by HZB chemist Michelle Browne has now demonstrated that MXenes, properly functionalised, are excellent catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction in electrolytic water splitting. They are more stable and efficient than the best metal oxide catalysts currently available. The team is now extensively characterising these MXene catalysts for water splitting at the Berlin X-ray source BESSY II and Soleil Synchrotron in France.
- SpinMagIC: 'EPR on a chip' ensures quality of olive oil and beerThe first sign of spoilage in many food products is the formation of free radicals, which reduces the shelf-life and the overall quality of the food. Until now, the detection of these molecules has been very costly for the food companies. Researchers at HZB and the University of Stuttgart have developed a portable, small and inexpensive 'EPR on a chip' sensor that can detect free radicals even at very low concentrations. They are now working to set up a spin-off company, supported by the EXIST research transfer programme of the German Federal Ministry of Economics and Climate Protection. The EPRoC sensor will initially be used in the production of olive oil and beer to ensure the quality of these products.