Calculating the carbon footprint of publications
The greenhouse gas emissions of publications could be counted with a simple table, suggests Prof. Jens Eisert. © privat
The warming stripes show the average global temperatures between 1850 and 2022. Global temperatures have since then increased by over 1,2 C°. © Ed Hawkins, National Centre for Atmospheric Science, UoR.
Prof. Dr. Jens Eisert heads the Quantum Computation and Simulation research group, which is jointly funded by Freie Universität Berlin and HZB. The theoretical physicist recently received an Advanced Grant from the European Research Council ERC for his research project "DebuQC". But Eisert is not only an award-winning scientist, he is also concerned about global warming. Last year, on the initiative of Ryan Sweke, he and his team published a proposal that deserves attention: scientific publications on theoretical physics or chemistry could include a simple table listing the greenhouse gases emitted during the research. This would raise awareness of the fact that research is not climate neutral.
What is the aim of this proposal?
Jens Eisert: Science is important: it is the basis of our knowledge, a cultural activity, the engine of our prosperity. But it does not come for free, we need computing power and laboratories, we fly to conferences. All of this releases greenhouse gases and contributes to global warming. I think we should make this transparent and keep it in mind in all our work. It's about raising awareness.
How did the idea come about?
We were working on a joint scientific publication, and out of interest we calculated how much greenhouse gas this work produced. It was a surprising amount. We then turned it into a small side project, writing a programme that allows you to easily generate a table that clearly shows how much greenhouse gas your own research work produces. We attached this table to our own paper, which was published in Communications Physics, a Nature group journal. The editors of Communications Physics then contacted us and persuaded us to write another paper on the subject. Of course we were happy to do it.
What did you find surprising?
One remarkable thing is how big the numbers are that come out of it. I'm a theoretical physicist, so I don't use a lab. But the mainframe computers and even the computer clusters that we use locally have a huge carbon footprint, several tonnes, just like flying. And all the flying comes on top of that. What also annoys me sometimes is the high frequency of meetings. There is no doubt that science cannot do without meetings and discussions. But many administrative meetings don't have to be in person. I often have to travel because the funders require it, and I sometimes have the impression that some meetings are held in nice places just to get pictures with a beautiful background. This causes a lot of unnecessary emissions and that could be reconsidered.
Is it time-consuming to create such a table ?
No, not at all. We have created a website that takes you step by step through the process, which takes an hour at most, if that.
How do you count emissions that have been offset?
The emissions were produced anyway, so we count them. We still ask whether there has been offsetting.
How many scientists have followed your example?
I have now seen a few publications in my field that have taken this up. But there could be more, I think.
What changes would you like to see?
Again, of course we want to meet sometimes, and then there must be time for conversation. But a short exchange, even a short talk, can also be done virtually. What bothers me is that many organisations proclaim they are commited to climate protection, but don't put it into practice; it's just a PR slogan.
I'm more pragmatic, so I'm in favour of action, not talk! It would also be more family-friendly. The other day I filled in a work-life balance form. It was several pages long and I didn't have time to do it until around 11 pm, although my working day starts just after 4 am. That's what I mean. It just has to be done. Just ask my wife and child. Climate protection is also about being aware of what you are contributing and then asking what is necessary.
Thank you for the interview!
Click here to go to the website to calculate the climate footprint of your own publication. The website is geared towards papers in theoretical physics/chemistry.
https://scientific-conduct.github.io/
https://mlco2.github.io/impact/
- HZB Sets New World Record for CIGS Perovskite Tandem Solar CellsCombining two semiconductor thin films into a tandem solar cell can achieve high efficiencies with a minimal environmental footprint. Teams from HZB and Humboldt University Berlin have now presented a CIGS-perovskite tandem cell that sets a new world record with an efficiency of 24.6%, certified by the independent Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems.
- HZB-magazine lichtblick - the new issue is out!In the cover story we introduce Astrid Brandt. She is Head of User Coordination at Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin. She and her team keep constant track of applications, measurement times and publications of the 1000 guest researchers who come to BESSY II each year.
She has always been fascinated by science. But she has also never let go of her other passion, which is music.
- “Germany mustn’t lose sight of its ambitious goals”The Science Year 2025 is dedicated to the topic of ‘Future Energy’ and the Helmholtz Association is conducting cutting-edge research in this field. An interview with Bernd Rech, Vice-President Energy of the Helmholtz Association and Scientific Director at HZB, on topics such as: Where does Germany stand with the restructuring of its energy system? What contribution can research make? And what about hydrogen, nuclear energy and nuclear fusion, and the new challenges for a secure supply in times of cyber attacks?