Xiang, W.; Zhang, J.; Liu, S.; Albrecht, S.; Hagfeldt, A.; Wang, Z.: Intermediate phase engineering of halide perovskites for photovoltaics. Joule 6 (2022), p. 315-339
10.1016/j.joule.2021.11.013
Abstract:
Metal halide perovskites have sparked immerse research interests for highly efficient photovoltaic applications owing to their outstanding photophysical properties and scalable solution fabrication processes. Among the state-of-the-art solution-processed perovskite solar cells (PSCs), intermediate phase engineering (IPE), characterized by precise manipulation or control of precursor states before annealing, is playing an increasingly important role in forming high-quality perovskite film, which is essential to high-performance cells with long-term stability. In this review, we summarize the roles and mechanisms of IPE in different film-processing technologies, including two-step method, one-step solution method, methylamine gas post-healing or solvation process, antisolvent method, and volatile additives method. The challenges of IPE are discussed, and perspectives are provided for the developing high-performance PSCs via IPE.